Pronouns

 

 

Pronouns (Kata Ganti)

Pronoun atau Kata Ganti digunakan untuk mengganti kata benda atau frasa nomina. Pronoun biasanya digunakan untuk menunjuk pada sesuatu atau seseorang yang sudah disebutkan atau ditunjuk sebelumnya.

Contoh :

John Dolittle lived in Pudelby on the Marsh. He could talk to animal.

Kata ganti he menggantikan John Dolittle yang sudah disebutkan sebelumnya.

Kata ganti seperti, they, we, I, you, he, she dan it berfungsi sebagai subjek suatu kalimat.

Contoh :

1.       That man is the mayor.

He is the mayor.

2.       Andi and Susi are students.

They are students.

Kata ganti seperti, them, us, me, you, him, her dan it berfungsi sebagai objek suatu kalimat.

Contoh :

1.       I invited Rudy to my birthday party.

I invited him to my birthday party.

2.       She met his parents yesterday.

She met them yesterday.

Kata seperti, themselves, ourselves, myself, yourself, himself, herself dan itself disebut reflexive pronoun.

Contoh :

1.       He thinks to himself.

2.       I can’t stop myself from thanking.

3.       She likes to take pictures of herself.

Personal Pronouns

Personal pronoun mengacu pada seseorang:

      ·      I go to school.
      ·      You are a student.
      ·      They are Koreans.
      ·      He works here.
      ·      We gave her food.

Kata ‘it' mengacu pada sebuah benda:

      ·      I drank it.
      ·      It is big.
      ·      They cut it into halves.

Untuk mempermudah mengingat, perhatikan tabel berikut:

	Orang Pertama	Orang Kedua	Orang Ketiga
			Laki-laki	Wanita	Netral
Singular Subject	I	you	he	she	it
Singular Object	me	you	him	her	it
Singular Reflexive	myself	yourself	himself	herself	itself
Plural Subject	we	you	they
Plural Object	us	you	them
Plural Reflexive	ourselves	yourselves	themselves

Possessive

Possessive Adjectives

Possessive adjective digunakan untuk menunjukan kepemilikan. Kata seperti their, our, my, your, his, her dan its disebut Possessive adjective.

Contoh :

1.      This is Jill’s guitar.

This is her guitar.

2.      Mr. John’s stomach is noisy.

His stomach is noisy.

3.      John and Susan’s house is new.

            Their house is new.

Possessive Pronouns

Kata – kata seperti, theirs, ours, mine, yours, his dan hers disebut possessive pronoun. Possessive pronoun adalah bagian dari kalimat yang mengindikasikan kepemilikan dari seseorang atau sesuatu. Possessive pronoun menggantikan frasa kata benda dan dapat menghindari pengulangan.

Contoh :

1.       This is my house.

This is mine.

2.       That is not my book.

That is not mine.

3.       This is my brother’s bike.

This is his.

Sekilas possessive adjective dan possessive pronoun terlihat sama, tetapi penggunaanya berbeda. Kita menggunakan possessive adjective jika kata benda yang akan disebutkan belum jelas (lawan bicara belum mengetahui hal atau benda apa yang akan disebutkan). Sedangkan possessive pronoun digunakan jika lawan bicara sudah sama – sama mengetahui hal atau benda apa yang sedang dibicarakan.

Contoh dalam percakapan :

A: What color is your brother’s jacket?

B:  His Jacket is blue.

A: What color is yours?

B: Mine is red.

Summary :

Untuk mempermudah mengingat, perhatikan tabel berikut. 

Subjek	Objek	Reflexive Pronoun	Possessive Adjective	Possessive Pronoun
they	them	themselves	their	theirs
we	us	ourselves	our	ours
I	me	myself	my	mine
you	you	yourself / yourselves	your	yours
he	him	himself	his	his
she	her	herself	her	hers
it	it	itself	its	----

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